Ghandi

B1. Why did Gandhi go to live to South Africa?
Because he had a contract of a year working for an Indian company, in Natal, South Africa.
B2. What did he think of the treatment of Indian people there? What did he do as a result of his experiences?
He thought that the treatment they received was unfair and racist, and specially due to a personal situation where he was taken out of a train for being Indian, he started to question the situation of the Indian people in the world, and also his position and what he could do. So he spent years defending the people there, and there rights.
B3. According to Gandhi, what is the most effective form of protest?
He believed it was through pacifism and talking, and never using violence. That way, there couldn't be regrets to their protests, and their will would be stronger than ever.
B4. What does Mahatma mean?
It means "Spiritual Leader" and "Great Soul".
B5. Why did Gandhi think that Indians shouldn't fight for Britain in WWII?
Because he believed that it was not logical and against his ideals to fight for the freedom and rights of the British and Europeans ,when those didn't give them any rights or recognition. Until Britain didn't accept their rights, they wouldn't fight for Britain's rights.
B6. Why was Gandhi assassinated ?
He was murdered by Birla Bhavan, an Hindu practicant, though radical, that supported a party that blamed Gandhi to be responsible for the "weakness" of their new goverment, where he insisted that India had to pay Pakistan the money they had promised.
B7. Gandhi once said that "An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind". What do you think that he meant with that? How did it influence his method of protest?
He meant that if for every attack, fight or violence sign, there was another answer based on the same, the world would end up with everyone fighting each other, and with everyone damaged. He implied that we could make the difference by using peace and not violence as a answer and response method, to show how we can be better. This was his main ideal while protesting, never damage or act violently. Always show how you are better by using peace and words, not fists and anger.
B8. Why did Gandhi go on the Salt March?
Because after many demonstrations against the British treatment, some Indians considered starting a war against the British, and Gandhi said that they should follow their peace path, and disobey the English laws that banned personal salt production by using their citizens rights to produce salt from the coast of the Indic Ocean.
B9. How did The Salt March inspire other Indians?
It showed them how they could protest and struggle without using violence, and it also showed the power that people could reach if they fought together, for the same cause. A lot of disciples followed Gandhi and his ideals.
B10. What was Satyagraha?
It was a term invented by Gandhi, and that was a reference to the power and effect of the truth.
B11. What happened at the Dharasana Salt Works? How did this affect international opinions about British rule in India?
The British violently attacked and assaulted thousands of Indians and protestors, and this made people see how Britain was behaving, and how Gandhi was right. This event pushed people to believe in Gandhi's words and ideals.
B12. What happened to Gandhi as a result of the Salt March?
He was sent to prison for 9 months, though his ideals and actions had a huge impact, and he even became a martyr for people, who all started to follow him and trust his words and power.

Nuremberg Trials

A1: When and why were they held?
They were held in the German city of Nuremberg, from the 20th November 1945, to the 1st October 1946. Their main objective was to make all the Nazi criminals pay for their crimes during the WWII, from 1939 to 1945.
A2: Where did the judges come from?
They came from different countries, mainly the USA, Great Britain, The Soviet Union and France.
A3: What crimes were the defendants tried for?
They were tried for crimes against Peace, violation of laws and war making, and crimes against humanity, mainly, the extinction.
A4: Why were many of the most senior Nazis never tried?
Because while many of them escaped and flew away, others hid with different identities, so that they couldn't be recognized.
A5: What happened to Simon Wiesenthal during WWII?
He want sent to a Nazi camp during WWII, due to his Jew condition, though he stored the identity of many of the Nazi soldiers that were there, and we he got out, he looked for them.
A6: What did he do after the war?
He searched all the Nazis that he had known during his time in the camp, and killed them, becoming one of the main Jew Nazi Hunter.

The Berlin Wall

Built in 1961, the Berlin Wall was used by the soviet side of  Berlin , the German Democratic Republic (GDR), to avoid capitalism to reach all the city, including the Eastern Part. It was used to ban any kind of change from one side to the other, mainly because the Western Part, the German Federal Republic (GFR) had a higher and much more balanced state of living, and many people wanted to move there. Due to this, the Stasi was founded, also known as the secret police of East Germany. The Stasi looked for "betrayers" of the Communism, who wanted to move to the Western Part, and they guarded almost every building that held people that could be suspicious. Trust died with this, and people betrayed each other by telling the Stasi who was leaving or trying to escape.

Ich Bein Ein Berliner

The 26th June 1963, in Western Berlin, the president John Fitzgerald Kennedy pronounced his famous quote in front of thousands of citizens from Germany, 'I am a Berliner'. The reason for his appearance and speech was the 15th anniversary of the Berlin Blockade exacted by the Soviet Union, and that had led into the construction of the Berlin Wall. Kennedy spoke to give hope to all those men and women. In his speech, he did not only said how if anyone had doubts about the communist system , they could come and see Berlin, and the consequences of that system, but also talked about men's freedom, and how until everyone was free, all of us would be Berliners, giving our support to all those Berliners that were suffering the consequences of the Wall. By doing this, J.F. Kennedy gave hope to the citizens that needed it, and he promised that all the world wouldn't have freedom until they received it. In simple words, he gave the people the solidarity they desperately needed due to their situation. In my opinion, it was a really brave and heart touching speech, that encouraged those citizens to never give up and resist, because they were not alone, they had all the support they could ever require. Because at the end, we were all like them. We were all Berliners.

Schindler's List: The Harsh Reality

Considered to be one of the greatest movie adaptations of all time, not only because of its truthfulness, but its splendor, Schindler's List is the masterpiece feature film that tells us the history of Oskar Schindler, the German entrepreneur, born in Austria Hungary that saved the life of 1200 known Jews during the 2nd World War, when concealing them in his factory as workers, and making them stay alive. The movie experiences not only his history and redemption path, from being a selfish and narcissistic man into becoming a kind and courteous person; but also how harsh was that moment for the Jewish Community, and how they suffered so many things. The story, directed and written by the well known director Steven Spielberg and the screenwriter Steven Zaillian , owns an outstanding cast, formed by Liam Neeson in the role of Oskar Schindler, Ralph Fiennes performing the Nazi Officer, Amon Goeth, and Sir Ben Kingsley in the role of Itzhak Stern, the Jew accountant that helped Mr. Schindler. The only way to describe the main sensation gained with the display of the movie is heart breaking. It makes you feel how horrific it was, and it makes you cry, though in a special way, not as a regular movie. Because you know that everything that you are watching happened, and there is no way back for that. Millions of innocents passed away, and that won't change. The story ends itself as a tribute to all this people, the fallen that shouldn't have fallen. It is remarkable the Black and White Color Style used in all the scenes, that plays with perspectives and shadows, making us feel very differently depending on how the light effect is applied. All with the exception of the Girl with the Red Coat, that in my opinion represents how innocent children are, doesn't matter with race do they belong to, or in which situation they are in. Schindler understands this, and he sees how cruel and inhumane is what he is witnessing. None country wins anything, or any race. The War takes it all. In short, it is the greatest film that features the effects of the Holocaust, and shows how even when there was hope for many, many others didn't have that chance. So is it a sad or hopeful movie? None of them. It is a real one. The tints do not only exist in the pictures, but in history, and in our world. That is what Schindler's List is. Reality. The harsh reality.